Sultan muhammad shah of brunei

No.Portrait Name Reign start Reign end Notes 1 Muhammad Shah / Awang Alak Betatar 1363/1368^[3]1402 He founded modern Brunei in the early 1360s after converting to Islam.

He established a new administrative centre near the Brunei River, enhancing his control over the region. Under his rule, Brunei expanded its territories by seizing land from the declining Majapahit Empire and subduing local vassals. His conversion to Islam, motivated by a marriage alliance with the Sultan of Johor, marked a significant shift from a Hindu-Buddhist monarchy to an Islamic sultanate.

He also engaged in diplomatic relations with Ming China.

Pusat Sejarah Brunei - Sultan - Sultan Brunei

2 Abdul Majid Hassan / Maharaja Karna 1402 1408 In 1405, he sent envoys to China to pay homage to the Yongle Emperor, receiving an imperial mandate and seal in return. His visit to Nanjing in 1408 marked him as the first foreign king to attend the imperial court under the emperor. After spending